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Reviews > Shelters > Shelter Accessories > Grand Shelters Icebox > Test Report by Christopher Nicolai

GRAND SHELTERS ICEBOX
TEST SERIES BY CHRISTOPHER NICOLAI
LONG-TERM REPORT
May 01, 2009

CLICK HERE TO SKIP TO THE FIELD REPORT
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TESTER INFORMATION

NAME: Christopher Nicolai
EMAIL: thebootfitters at yahoo dot com
AGE: 34
LOCATION: Seattle, Washington & Minneapolis, Minnesota
GENDER: M
HEIGHT: 5' 11" (1.80 m)
WEIGHT: 172 lb (78.00 kg)
WAIST: 33" (84 cm)
CHEST: 40" (102 cm)
NECK: 15" (38 cm)
SLEEVE: 34" (86 cm)

I have been backpacking for 10+ years in locales from Chile to Alaska. I have experienced temps from -30 F (-34 C) to 100 F (38 C), heavy precipitation in virtually all forms, and winds exceeding 75 mph (120 km/h) - in everything from desert to rainforest to glaciated peaks. Most of my trips are 1-4 nights climbing/backpacking less than 15 miles/day (24 km/day) in the Pacific Northwest mountains or canoeing in Northern Minnesota. I prefer to pack a tarp and minimal gear -- less than 20 lb (9 kg) -- for backpacking, but may carry twice that on alpine climbs or winter trips to accommodate suitable gear and shelter.


INITIAL REPORT

PRODUCT INFORMATION & SPECIFICATIONS

Manufacturer: Grand Shelters
Year of Manufacture: 2008
Manufacturer's Website: www.grandshelters.com
MSRP: $179.95 US

Manufacturer's Stated Weights
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7 foot igloo (2.13 m): 4 lb 12.8 oz (2.18 kg)
8 or 10 foot igloo (2.44 m or 3.05 m): 4 lb 14 oz (2.22 kg)
9 or 11 foot igloo (2.74 m or 3.35 m): 4 lb 14.7 oz (2.23 kg)

Tester's Measured Weights
-------------------------------------------------
7 foot igloo (2.13 m): 4 lb 12.9 oz (2.18 kg)
8 or 10 foot igloo (2.44 m or 3.05 m): 4 lb 14.4 oz (2.22 kg)
9 or 11 foot igloo (2.74 m or 3.35 m): 4 lb 15.0 oz (2.24 kg)

Packed Size: 24.5 in by 3.5 in by 14 in (62.2 cm by 8.9 cm by 35.6 cm)

Detailed Measurements by Tester
(Numbers correspond to picture)
-------------------------------------------------
(1) ICEBOX Package -- All Pieces Shipped -- 5 lb, 2.6 oz (2342 g)
(2) Outer Panel -- 1 lb, 10.7 oz (757 g) -- 24.0" x 14.2" x 2.0" (61 cm x 36 cm x 5 cm)
(3) Inner Panel -- 1 lb, 7.0 oz (651 g) -- 21.1" x 14.0" x 2.0" (53.5 cm x 35.5 cm x 5 cm)
(4) End Panel -- 9.4 oz (267 g) -- 12.4" x 8.3" x 1.0" (31.5 cm x 21 cm x 2.5 cm)
(5) U Bar -- 4.7 oz (132 g) -- 15.9" x 11.2" x 0.6" (40.5 cm x 28.5 cm x 1.5 cm)
(6) Toggle Handle & Link -- 2.5 oz (70 g) -- 10.6" x 1.3" x 1.3" (27 cm x 3.3 cm x 3.2 cm)
(7) Stake -- Shallow Snow -- 0.5 oz (15 g) -- 3.0" x 2.0" x 1.0" (7.5 cm x 5 cm x 2.5 cm)
(8) Stake -- Deep Snow -- 1.5 oz (43 g) -- 6.0" x 2.0" x 9.1" (15.2 cm x 5 cm x 23 cm)
(9) Socket Pole -- 0.8 oz (24 g) -- 5.0" x 1.0" (12.8 cm x 2.5 cm)
(10) Small Diameter Connector Pole -- 2.5 oz (70 g) -- 23.0" (58.3 cm)
(11) Pole Labeled "11 ft" -- 2.7 oz (77 g) -- 22.4" (57 cm)
(12) Pole Labeled "8 or 9 ft" -- 2.8 oz (79 g) -- 22.4" (57 cm)
(13) Pole Labeled "10 ft" -- 2.0 oz (58 g) -- 16.5" (42 cm)
(14) Pole Labeled "7' Igloo" -- 1.3 oz (38 g) -- 10.2" (26 cm)
(15) Straps, Buckles, & Retainer Clips -- 2.5 oz (71 g)
(16) Instruction Manual and DVD

IMAGE 1
All the pieces shipped...



RELEVANT BACKGROUND EXPERIENCE

The reader should note that I already have experience using the Grand Shelters ICEBOX igloo construction tool. I have made a handful of igloos each of the past several years. Though the focus of this review will be my experience with this specific tool during the present testing period, my previous experience is certain to color my testing style and my use of the product during the testing period.

PRODUCT SUMMARY

The Grand Shelters ICEBOX is an igloo construction tool that consists of a form, or snow mold, connected to the end of a set of interlocking poles that pivots around a stationary point. The user packs the form with snow to create a single block, then moves the form to create the next block -- which is a continuation of the previous block. This pattern continues layer by layer, spiraling up, until a complete igloo is formed. For each layer, the poles are adjusted to a pre-determined length such that the user consistently produces a dome-shaped igloo. (In practice, the actual steps are a bit more complex than this simple explanation, but the principle is really quite simple.)

The resulting catenary shape creates an equal amount of downward and inward pressure, creating a very stable structure. This is the same principle upon which the flying butresses of European cathedrals were constructed. Assuming constant cold temperatures and minimal exposure to sunlight, the manufacturer suggests that an igloo constructed with the tool can maintain its shape and strength throughout most of the season.

The ICEBOX is shipped with all the parts necessary to construct igloos of several different interior diameters: 7 ft (2.13 m), 8 ft (2.44 m), 9 ft (2.74 m), 10 ft (3.05 m), and 11 ft (3.35 m).

The manufacturer suggests in the instruction manual that the ICEBOX can be used to make an igloo in ANY type of snow (with a little bit of practice) -- even with as little as a few inches of snow on the ground.

The manufacturer's website contains a lot of detailed information about the ICEBOX product, including product specifications, the conception history, comparisons to other types of winter shelters, and several pictures and reports of trips with the tool. The instruction manual is available for download, as is the instructional video. There is even an online discussion forum where users can interact with each other and with the manufacturer himself to ask and answer questions about using the tool.

READING THE INSTRUCTIONS

The product is shipped with a 23-page instruction manual and an instructional DVD. I'm usually a do-it-yourselfer who sets the instructions aside and tries to figure things out on my own. The first time I tried using the tool several years ago, I attempted this method and failed miserably. Reading the instruction manual and watching the video are key to understanding the specifics of using the tool and building solid igloos.

The instructions are simple in essence, but have some detailed points that are key to constructing good igloos. If even one seemingly insignificant point is missed during construction, the results may be less than ideal. The instruction manual addresses these key points using bold font and inset boxes labeled "Tips." The good news is that after the first or second attempt at using the tool, these key points become easier to remember in the field (according to the manufacturer and based on my previous experience). In fact, the instruction manual specifically recommends "that first-time users practice igloo construction under noncrucial conditions at least once" before attempting to use the tool in the field.

I will summarize the instructions for actually constructing an igloo in the long term report, after having constructed a few igloos with this tool. However, below I am showing pictures of how the individual pieces fit together for use.

Below are several images showing the individual pieces necessary to construct a 7 ft (2.13 m) igloo.
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POLE SECTIONS
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IMAGE 2
Piecing together the poles


(A) All of the individual pieces to make the pole section for a 7 ft (2.13 m) igloo.

(B) & (C) Connecting the toggle handle & link to the pole labeled "10 ft."

(D) & (E) Connecting the pieces above to the small diameter connector pole.

(F) Connecting the pieces above to the pole labeled "7' IGLOO."

(G) & (H) Connecting the pieces above to the socket pole and stake (for deep snow).

(I) The complete pole assembly.


SOCKET POLE & STAKES
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IMAGE 3
Connecting the stakes to the socket pole


(J) Socket pole being connected to the stake for shallow snow (which can then be mounted to a small sheet of plywood with wood screws and buried near the surface).

(K) Socket pole connected to the stake for shallow snow.

(L) & (M) Socket pole being connected and connected to the stake for deeper snow.

Note that the socket pole and the stake form a ball joint, allowing the pole to pivot smoothly around the stake in all directions above the surface of the snow.



THE FORM
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IMAGE 4
Piecing together the form


(N) The separate pieces of the form.

(O) Snapping the yellow end panel to the inner and outer panels of the form.

(P) The end panel snapped into place.

(Q) The pieces above with the U bar.

(R) & (S) Inserting the long end of the U bar.

(T) & (U) Inserting the short end of the U bar.

(V) The completed form.

Note below the text printed on the yellow end panel. Care must be taken to snap this piece on with this text on the outside. The word "Bottom" is printed on the side of the form that must be at the bottom facing outside when it is snapped together. (When actually constructing an igloo, everything printed on the end panel is key to doing it right!)

IMAGE 5
Print on the end panel




PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER
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IMAGE 6
Connecting the poles to the form


(W) The completed form and completed pole sections ready to be connected.

(X) & (Y) The toggle handle snapping into the inner panel of the form.

(Z) The ICEBOX is now ready to construct a 7 ft (2.13 m) igloo.



PACKING IT ALL UP
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IMAGE 7
Packing it up


(AA) All of the individual pieces packed back into the outer panel of the form, with the inner panel ready to be put in place.

(BB) Inner panel in place, with straps ready to be connected.

(CC) & (DD) Placing the retainer clip into the sockets of the inner and outer panels.

(EE) The retainer clips are in place, the quick release buckles at the ends of the straps are connected, and the ICEBOX is ready for transport.

SUMMARY

I have had a lot of fun constructing igloos with the ICEBOX tool over the past several years, using them for shelter from the elements in the field and for recreation in the backyard. I am looking forward to using this product during the testing period with a critical eye. It will be an opportunity to experiment with constructing different size igloos in different types of snow.

Though the instructions for use are complex, the ideas are quite simple. In my field report, I plan to take the reader through the experience of reading the instructions and building an igloo for the first time, focusing on key points and tips that can speed up the learning curve for any readers of this review. In the process, I will likely learn new tips and nuances of igloo construction and will share the joys and frustrations of those experiences as well.


FIELD REPORT

IGLOO ATTEMPTS, LOCATIONS, & CONDITIONS

Since the beginning of the testing period, I have attempted construction of four igloos. For one of them, I acted only as shoveler with another experienced individual packing the snow. One of my attempts ended before the igloo was complete. (Details found later in this report.)

Note that the descriptions below reflect my igloo building during this testing period only. For the record, I wasn't able to complete my first igloo until my fourth attempt when I was first introduced to this tool several years ago. User error was at least partly to blame until I had read the instruction manual enough times so that things started to make sense in practice. Very dry snow, very cold temperatures, and very little snow all had a role to play in my first three unsuccessful attempts as well. Since these initial three learning attempts, I had completed every igloo I have started until igloo #3 described below. I have completed an 8' (2.4 m) igloo in under 1.5 hours with two shovelers and excellent snow conditions. I have also taken as long as 7 hours to complete the same size igloo with one shoveler and very dry snow conditions.

IGLOO #1
----------------
Location/Conditions: The igloo was constructed on a small lake shore in Northern Wisconsin. Temperatures hovered within a few degrees of 0 F (-18 C). A light breeze was present. The skies were mostly gray throughout construction, and a light snow fell intermittently.

Snow Description: Approximately 4" (10 cm) of light, fluffy snow with a medium moisture content covered a thin icy sheet with about twice the depth of older granular crystals. The snow on top was just moist enough to hold together well.

Igloo Description: I set out to construct a 7' (2.1 m) igloo solo. While it was a slow process, I managed to complete most of the first four layers without help. I focused on using the more recent snow that was easier to pack into the form. By the middle of the fourth layer, I was getting impatient with the center pivot point shifting in the loose snow, as well as the need to gather the surface snow from farther away. Eventually, I gave in and asked my father-in-law to help shovel. (He had helped me construct at least one other igloo previously.) He gladly obliged and we were able to complete the igloo using primarily the fluffy surface snow. Since the snow was not deep enough to dig a door underneath the surface of the snow, I cut a small doorway above the surface.

Sleeping Experience: I did not sleep in this igloo.

Total Build Time (including preparation of the site -- not including breaks): 4 hours


IGLOO #2
----------------
Location/Conditions: The igloo was constructed near the White Pass Ski Area at White Pass, Washington in the Cascade Mountain Range in Southern Washington. Temperatures were as warm as 25 F (-4 C) and as cold as 15 F (-9 C). A light breeze was blowing that later turned into a significant wind with gusts exceeding 30 mph (48 km/h). Snow began falling toward the end of construction. The skies were overcast with clouds throughout the construction.

Snow Description: Approximately 8" (20 cm) of moist-but-still-light snow sat on top of a thin icy sheet with about 6' (1.8 m) of older, more consolidated snow underneath. The snow on top packed together very well, but was prone to developing consolidated chunks as the temperature dropped if it wasn't worked thoroughly before shoveling into the form. The snow beneath the icy layer proved also to be easy to pack into the form, provided it was loosened up and worked thoroughly before packing.

Igloo Description: I constructed a 7' (2.1 m) igloo with my 12-year old daughter. This was her first igloo-building experience. I packed the first row while she shoveled. She started packing the second row and packed admirably well, but determined that she liked shoveling better about half-way through. After starting the fourth layer, we skied for a couple hours and then returned to complete the igloo before it was time to crawl inside and go to sleep. After skiing, my daughter was tired, but we were still able to finish the igloo. Given that we both intended to sleep inside the small igloo, we didn't want the trench to take up too much of the interior space. We compromised by tunneling under the wall and cutting into the wall a small amount to create a door.

Sleeping Experience: The small igloo proved to be tight, but sufficient space for the two of us to sleep comfortably. I am 5' 11" (1.80 m) tall, and my daughter is just over 5' (1.52 m). My feet ended up dangling into the doorway trench for part of the night. We both slept warmly and comfortably -- my daughter in a down bag rated to 15 F (-9 C) and me in a down bag rated to 30 F (-1 C). The snow continued to fall throughout the night and the wind continued to blow. It was a bona fide blizzard! We awoke in the morning to find our doorway nearly completely filled with snow, and we had to dig ourselves out!

Total Build Time (including preparation of the site -- not including breaks): 3.5 hours



IGLOO #3
----------------
Location/Conditions: The igloo was constructed on the top of a cliff above a lake in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area of Northern Minnesota. Temperatures started out around 25 F (-4 C), but dropped as low as 10 F (-12 C) as the sun began to set and disappeared behind clouds. A light breeze was blowing. The sun came and went as clouds moved through the sky.

Snow Description: Approximately 12" (30 cm) of dry, sugary snow sat atop about twice that much even drier, coarser crystals. When the sun was out, it heated the snow enough to make it just moist enough to pack well. When the sun was behind the clouds, the snow had to be packed very carefully and gently in order to get it to adhere to itself. The sugary snow packed together surprisingly well, but it was so sugary that it would sift right through any gaps showing between the bottom of the form and the completed blocks below it. It did not pack well in the hands in order to mold plugs for the gaps.

Igloo Description: I attempted to construct a 7' (2.1 m) igloo in this extremely dry, sugary snow with a friend who had helped me construct a few igloos previously. (We knew it would be a challenge with this dry snow, so we wanted to construct the smallest igloo possible.) I packed the snow while my friend shoveled. The ground beneath the igloo was not level, so in conjunction with snow that is difficult to consolidate and my failure to maintain the perpendicular line completely perpendicular on the first row of the igloo, we ended up with more gaps on the subsequent rows than we would have liked. When the blocks lined up well with each other, packing the blocks was easy, but when we experienced gaps, it would significantly increase the build time for each block. After 30 minutes of foundation prep and three hours of building, we had only completed a few blocks of the third row. While I believe we could have finished the igloo in these snow conditions, I estimate that it would have taken at least another three hours to complete. We both determined that we were too tired to gather the desire to complete.

Sleeping Experience: Even though the igloo was not complete, it served as a great shelter from the wind. There was not sufficient room for two grown adults with winter sleeping bags, so I slept inside the partially constructed igloo alone. It was actually quite nice to have an open view to the stars above, while still getting relief from the wind. I slept in the igloo for two nights, the second of which was the coldest of the trip with ambient air temperatures at least as cold as -20 F (-29 C). I didn't even cut a door, but rather stepped over the partially constructed wall to gain entrance to the igloo. I cut a small shelf at floor height so that my long winter bag would not be bunched up at the feet.

Total Build Time (including preparation of the site -- not including breaks): 3.5 hours before giving up on the third row -- estimated 3+ hours more until completion.



IGLOO #4
----------------
Location/Conditions: The igloo was constructed on the edge of a frozen lake in the Boundary Waters Canoe Area of Northern Minnesota. Temperatures hovered around 10 F (-12 C). A light breeze was blowing, and a light snow fell intermittently.

Snow Description: Approximately 8" (20 cm) of dry, fluffy snow sat atop about twice that much even drier, coarser crystals with a thin crust in between. The fluffy snow on top packed sufficiently well to construct most of the igloo. However, when we ran out of this surface snow, we began mixing the deeper coarser crystals with water from a hole we had bored in the lake. This allowed us to continue working efficiently to complete the igloo.

Igloo Description: We constructed a 9' (2.7 m) igloo. A friend who had constructed a few igloos previously packed while myself and several others shoveled for him. There were typically at least two or three of us shoveling at any point in time.

Sleeping Experience: I did not sleep in this igloo.

Total Build Time (including preparation of the site -- not including breaks): 3.5 hours


IMAGE 8
Pictures of the first three igloos

TRANSPORTING THE ICEBOX

AROUND THE COUNTRY
----------------------------------------
My ICEBOX tool is already well traveled! It has been checked as luggage inside a large duffle bag -- along with other items -- on six flight segments around the country. I generally pack softer items around the ICEBOX inside the duffel to protect it from overzealous baggage handlers, but the plastic is very resilient. On one occasion, I was in a hurry while packing, and the ICEBOX ended up on the bottom of the duffel with the convex side facing the bottom of the bag. I packed about 35 lb (16 kg) of other gear on top the tool. I could just imagine the bag getting tossed around with all that weight on top of the tool and something snapping off or otherwise being compromised. But everything was fully intact when I arrived at my destination. (Thankfully!)


TO THE CONSTRUCTION SITE
---------------------------------------------
Thus far, two of my igloos during the test were made close enough to civilization that I could simply carry the tool in my hands from the car to the construction site. The other two igloo sites were several miles away from the vehicle, across snow covered trails and frozen lakes. I hauled my gear, including the ICEBOX, into the wilderness on a sled. The ICEBOX fit nicely in the bottom of the sled, and I strapped a duffel bag over the top of the tool to keep it in place.

On previous trips prior to the testing period, I have carried the ICEBOX attached to my backpack. The straps that hold the two sides of the form together when packed can slip through daisy chains or other straps on the back of a backpack. Depending on which pieces are packed and how the pieces are packed together, the tool may rattle a bit as the pieces shift inside with each step. Personally, I haven't ever found this to be a bothersome issue.

SUMMARY

The quality of the snow can have a significant impact on build time. This needs to be taken into consideration both when choosing a specific site and when planning a trip. The experience level, fitness level, and energy level of both you and your partner can also play a significant role in determining the build time.

I have found the ICEBOX tool to provide both fun and functional shelters, provided I was willing to take the time to learn how to use the tool and practice using it before relying on it for my only shelter.


LONG-TERM REPORT

MORE IGLOO ATTEMPTS, LOCATIONS, & CONDITIONS

IGLOO #5
----------------
Location/Conditions: The igloo was constructed near the White Pass Ski Area at White Pass, Washington in the Cascade Mountain Range in Southern Washington. The ambient air temperature was approximately 50 F (10 C), but the sky was clear and the sun was very warm.

Snow Description: The snow pack was approximately 8 ft (2.4 m) deep, comprised of several layers from different snowfalls throughout the season. The snow was very soft due to the warm, spring-like conditions and the layers were nearly indistinguishable. Most of the snow had the consistency of mashed potatoes. Some of the snow that was buried a little bit deeper was still cold enough to be quite chunky. All of it was very wet, heavy, and sticky. It was easy to pack together, but difficult to shovel because it was so heavy.

Igloo Description: I constructed a 7' (2.1 m) igloo mostly solo. My intent was to build it without any assistance, but I experienced some difficulty getting the form to stay in place on the final blocks and had to request help from my wife to finish the last few blocks.

Sleeping Experience: Unfortunately, my wife does not feel comfortable in small confined spaces, so she opted out of sleeping in the igloo. Consequently, I did not sleep inside this igloo either.

Total Build Time (including preparation of the site -- not including breaks): 2.25 hours

IMAGE 9
Making a flat platform


IMAGE 10
Issues with the toggle releasing from the heavy snow


IMAGE 11
Pictures from the inside!


IMAGE 12
The last igloo of the season!

PERFORMANCE IN THE FIELD

My intent was to attempt the largest size igloo; however, I was unable to find any willing partners available to help me for my final attempt. Thus, I opted to make one more attempt at a solo igloo, figuring it would be a little easier than my previous solo attempt since the snow was so much wetter this time.

The shoveling was challenging, simply because of the weight of the snow. But it still went fairly quickly. It took approximately 15 minutes to stamp down the snow and create a flat platform. The first layer took me approximately 25 minutes and the second layer took only 20 minutes. For some undetermined reason, I slowed down considerably on the third layer: it took 35 minutes to complete. (Perhaps I was getting tired of shoveling the snow.) Before starting the fourth layer, I dug out the door so that I could adjust the pole length. This took me approximately 15 minutes. Then I ran into issues midway through the fourth layer...

The snow was so wet and heavy that when I placed it on the wall into the open form, the snow would cause the form to move and the toggle lock to loosen before I had a chance to pack it to the existing snow. I felt like I needed a hand to hold the form in place, a hand to gently empty the snow from the shovel, and a hand to immediately pack the snow in place. Unfortunately, I only have two hands! After struggling with this for awhile, I gave in and asked my wife for help to finish the fourth and fifth layers. With her help shoveling, I was able to hold the form securely from the inside of the igloo. Together, we were able to finish the final blocks quickly.

A FEW KEY POINTS THAT I HAVE LEARNED...

The following list includes items that I have learned from building more than a couple dozen igloos over the past several years. There are many other finer points to remember while building an igloo that can help make the process go more smoothly, but I have found the items in this list to be key.

* Be sure that the igloo platform is flat. If it is not flat enough or uneven in some parts, the pole will not be the appropriate length for all the blocks in the layer.

* Be sure to know which poles to connect to build the desired igloo size. Get familiar with the markings on the poles and the drawings in the manual so that you can remember which pieces you need to construct each size.

* Be certain to tilt the form on the first layer so that the appropriately marked line is perpendicular to the ground. If the form is not tilted to the correct angle, the second layer may not match up with the first layer, creating large gaps that need to be filled.

* Remember to start the first layer by creating three blocks that ramp up to a full block, so that the subsequent layers can spiral up the ramp at each transition point.

* The side of the igloo with the ramp (and thus the transitions between layers) is generally going to be the weakest part of the igloo. Whenever possible, make this side away from the sun so that it stays stronger.

* Pack gently! Pack the snow into the other snow -- not against the inside of the form. And apply an even, gentle pressure rather than patting the snow repeatedly.

Note that many other tips and tricks to building good igloos can be found in the manual and on the online forums that can be accessed via the manufacturer's website. The owner and inventor of the tool himself answers questions in the forums.

SUMMARY

I have had lots of fun using the Grand Shelters ICEBOX Igloo Tool! I have also experienced some frustration while initially learning how to use the tool, as well as while using the tool with challenging snow conditions. In the user manual and in the online forums, the owner of the company assures us that the tool can be used in any snow conditions, and while I have no doubt that this is true, I still have not mastered the techniques to pack the snow quickly in all conditions. I hope to learn how to pack dry snow through future practice and discussion with the owner.

There was definitely a learning curve for me to use this tool at first, but it was not difficult for me to learn. It just took a couple practice attempts in a safe location. My initial patience has been greatly rewarded by the many successful igloos I've built since the first attempts. These igloos have served me not only for fun in the backyard, but also for shelter far away from civilization.

CONTINUED USE

I will definitely continue to use this tool in future seasons! It is simply too much fun to ignore! As mentioned earlier, I hope to master the techniques necessary to construct igloos in even the most challenging snow. If I ever fulfill my dream of climbing Denali, I will plan to use this tool for shelter lower on the mountain.

This concludes my report of this item. Many, many thanks to Grand Shelters and BackpackGearTest for the opportunity to test this product!

This report was created with the BackpackGearTest.org Report Writer Version 1. Copyright 2009. All rights reserved.

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